Abstract

Study of Maternal and Perinatal Outcome in 100 Cases of Abruptio Placentae

Aims and objectives: 1) To study possible etiological factors of abruptio placentae 2) To analyse maternal outcome in the form of maternal morbidity and mortality 3) To study perinatal outcome in the form of mortality and morbidity 4) To discuss possible preventive measures and future management option. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted from June 2016 to May 2017 at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BJ Medical college Ahmedabad. Total of 100 diagnosed cases of abruptio placentae were included in the study after obtaining informed consent. Results: In the present study incidence of abruptio placentae is higher in the age group of 21-30 year that were 66% and more in primi patient. As PIH was most common risk factor of the abruptio placentae accounting for 48%, most of the patients (89%) were anaemic at the time of admission and majority of them required blood transfusion. On account of complication like PPH (11%) and DIC (16%), AKI (6%) patients needed to be transfused PCV/FFP/PRC/Cryoprecipitates. About 5% of cases required ICU monitoring. Four maternal mortalities (4%) occurred, perinatal mortality was 72%. Such a high rate was due to IUD which had more occurred in cases of abruptio placentae leads to poor prognosis as there is late presentation of the patient to the hospital, during which time the disease progress to an advanced stage. Conclusion: Abruptio placentae do stand out as a serious condition with manifestation of significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. These complications can be reduced by provision of antenatal care to every woman at their doorsteps and with improvement in medical facilities, early diagnosis, availability of blood transfusion, good anaesthesia, proper management of shock and other complication of pregnancy along with liberalization of caesarean section, the rate of maternal morbidity and mortality is gradually on the decline.

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