Abstract

Relationship of Primary Fingerprint Patterns with Blood Groups and Gender: A Dermatoglyphic Study

Background: Dermatoglyphics is one of the tools for recognition and forensic exploration as it is anecdotal amongst different population groups across the world. It plays a dynamic role in the medical analysis of hereditary diseases and also in disclosing offenses. Objective: To find the correlation between the fingerprint patterns of the student community concerning their blood groups and gender. Methods: 138 students from the Department of Zoology, Yogi Vemana University during the years 2015-2019 comprising of 39 (28.2%) males and 99 (71.7%) females within the age group of 22-25 were selected for the present study. The fingerprints of the subjects were taken using the stamp pad ink method and the obtained blueprints were classified into three primary fingerprint patterns (loop, whorl, and arch) and recorded. Statistical analysis was executed with the aid of Microsoft Excel 2007 and IBM SPSS 21.0 version. Chisquare analysis was used to verify the association between fingerprints and sex. Results: The common distribution patterns of fingerprints demonstrated high frequency (72.3%) of loops, whorls with moderate (24.9%) and arches with least (2.68%) frequency. Almost the same array was detected in both Rh+ve and Rh-ve individuals and A, B, AB, and O blood groups. The chi-square test revealed that there was no association between fingerprint pattern and A, B, AB, and O blood groups when results combined between both genders. The chi-square test results show that there is no association between fingerprint patterns and A, B, and O blood groups however, the chi-square value is zero as the little fingers of AB blood group students have no arches. The chi-square results also exhibited that there is no association between fingerprint patterns and Rh blood group as only B and O have Rh-ve individuals whereas A and AB blood groups are purely Rh+ve. Conclusion: This study concludes that the distribution of fingerprint patterns is neither related to gender nor blood groups. The uniqueness of each fingerprint facilitates them to be efficiently used in many forensic applications and identification of an individual in mob catastrophes. Hence, the reliability of the correlation of dactylographic pattern with sex and blood group requires many more studies which include a larger sample sizes.

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