Abstract

Influence of Antimicrobial Bio-Composite Coating on Osseointegration of Dental Implant

Background: Prevention of surgical site infections at an early stage of implantation is an important goal for the long-term success of implants in dentistry. The aim of the study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of niobiumpolyethylene glycol (Nb2O5-PEG 3500) biocomposite film formed by radio frequency (RF) magnetron plasma sputtering after immersion in antimicrobial glycol peptide (vancomycin). Materials and methods: RF magnetron technique was used to obtain a uniform and thin coating on commercially pure titanium substrates with certain sputtering parameters. Niobium oxide (Nb2O5) and niobium oxide\polyethylene glycol composite (Nb2O5\PEG) coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) for evaluation of structure and coating thickness measurement. The femur of 10 white New Zealand rabbits was selected as implantation site, each femur received two screws, the proximal screw was coated with Nb2O5\PEG composite film after immersion in the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) and the distal one was coated with Nb2O5. The mechanical assessment was performed to record new bone formation between the implant and original bone, after 2nd and 6th week healing periods. Results: Antimicrobial biocomposite coated implants showed a statistically significant increase in new bone formation in comparison to niobium oxide coated implants represented by an obvious increase in removal torque mean values at the 2nd week and 6th week after implantation. Conclusion: Coating commercially pure titanium implant with the antimicrobial biocomposite coating enhances the osseointegration at the bone-implant interface over the two periods of time.

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