Abstract

Determination the Condyle Position and Measurement of Joint Space by CBCT in Patients with Disk Displacement Compared with Healthy Control Group

Introduction: Disc displacement is characterized by a change in the articular disc position (abnormal position) which is located between the mandibular fossa and the head of the condyle. Disc displacement can be classified as 8 positions (abnormal disc position); however, the most common types are anterior and anterolateral displacements. When the displacement of the disc occurs, the bilaminar zone is moved against the articular surfaces, gradually replacing the function of the disc itself. It has mechanical properties modifications in vascular diminishment and nerve supply which induces the condition. Aim of the Study: To study the radiographical assessment of temporomandibular joint in patients with disk displacement by using cone beam computed tomography and determination of condyle position anterior, centric or posterior depending on the joint space measurements (anterior, superior and posterior joint space). Materials and methods: The study sample consisted of 78 patients with disk displacement and 31 as control subjects. Patients with intra articular joint disorders were divided into 4 groups according to the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (Group 1-disk displacement with reduction, Group 2-disk displacement with reduction with intermittent locking, Group 3-disk displacement without reduction with a limited opening, Group 4-disk displacement without reduction without limited opening). Results: The results show the position of the condyle in right and left side more anteriorly in control than in patients with disc displacement, while the position of the condyle in patients was more posterior and superior. There was a highly significant difference in condyle position between the control group and Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4. Conclusions: Disc displacement is one of the causes that change the condyle position in the glenoid fossa.

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