Abstract

Comparative diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) using urinary nitrite and significant bacteriuria (SBU)

The clinical laboratory diagnosis of urinary tract infection was compared in two hundred (200) midstream urine samples using bacteria culture and urinary nitrite detection technique. The comparative susceptibility of the isolates to common antibiotics was evaluated using completely randomized design (CRD). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for each antibiotics test was evaluated using standard laboratory procedures. Approximately fifty one percent (101/200) of urine samples that were culture yielded significant bacteriuria (SBU) as compared to (32.59%, 65/200) which had positive nitrite detection. Also eighteen percent (18%, 35/200) of the negative nitrite detection test showed evidence of significant bacteriuria. Significant bacteriuria was significantly associated at p<0.05 with culture isolation technique. A total of nine (9) different bacterial isolates were detected in this study. The isolates and their frequency of occurrence were Escherichia coli 30(29.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15(14.9%), Klebsiella pneumonia 13(12.8%), Enterococcus faecalis and Citrobacterfreundii 10(9.9), Proteus mirabilis 9(8.9), Staphylococcus aureus 8(7.7%), Serretiamarcesens and Streptococcus specie 3(3.0%).The mean total viable count ranged from 31.50±3.15x107cfuml-1 to 262.5±1.09x108cfuml-1. The antibiotics susceptibility profile reveals a high level of susceptibility of most isolates to Gentamycin(50%), Ciprofloxacin(83%), Tarivid(100%), Augumentin(50%) and Levofloxacin(100%) with mean zone of inhibition ranging from 18.6mm to 20.3mm. However, high resistance profile of hundred percent was observed with nalidixic acid, ampicillin and septrin while reflacin resistant rate was 66.7%. Intermediary susceptibility was observed with streptomycin (50%) and ceporex (66.7%). This study therefore reveals the diagnostic superiority of culture method to urinary nitrite detection technique. In addition, it also reveals Escherichia coli as the most frequently isolated agent of bacteriuria. Furthermore, the study shows a high level of susceptibility of urinary isolates to Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin Levofloxacin, Augumentin and Tarivid.

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