Abstract

Clinico-Pathological Study of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding-A Two Year Study at Tertiary Care Center

Background: Histopathological assessment of endometrial samples plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB). The present study was conducted to assess the histopathology of the endometrium with AUB. Methods: It is a prospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Dr. Shankararo Chavan, Government Medical College, Nanded, Maharashtra, India. All cases attending Gynaecology OPD with AUB were included in the study. The sample received was Dilatation and Curettage (D and C) samples, endometrial biopsy, polypectomy, and hysterectomy specimen. Specimens were routinely processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stains and microscopic morphological evaluation was done and data recorded and analyzed. Results: We studied 680 cases. Out of which 661 cases showed significant findings and 19 were reported unsatisfactory samples for evaluation. The commonest histomorphological pattern in these patients was proliferative endometrium 248 (36.47%), leiomyoma 100 (14.70%), adenomyosis 90 (13.23%), endometrial hyperplasia 72 (10.58%), secretory endometrium 47 (6.91%), atrophic endometrium 40 (6.91%), endometritis 11 (1.61%), endometrial polyp 27 (3.97%), adenomyosis with leiomyoma were seen in 23 cases (3.66%) and least number cases were of endometrial carcinoma forming 3 (0.44%) of the total cases taken in the study. Conclusions: The outcomes of the present study provide important information about the prevalence of Abnormal uterine bleeding is common in the peri-menopausal period in the fourth and fifth decades of life. The most common clinical presentation is menorrhagia. The commonest histopathological pattern is proliferative endometrium suggesting anovulation. Histopathological examination of endometrium inpatient of AUB shows a wide spectrum of changes ranging from normal endometrium to malignancy. Accurate analysis of endometrial sampling is important in the management of AUB.

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