Abstract

Bacterial Profile and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern among Adult Patients with Suspected Bloodstream Infection at Jimma University Medical Center, Ethiopia

Author(s):Dassalegn Muleta, Asnake Simieneh, Samuel Sahile, Getachew Mesfin, Daba Abdissa and Lemma Workineh

Introduction: Bacterial blood stream infection is a major public health problem that results in a high rate of morbidity and mortality. If not diagnosed early, it will continue to be a serious condition. On time diagnosis and appropriate medication are needed to save the lives of the affected. The study was designed to determine the bacterial profile and their antimicrobial resistance pattern among adult patients with suspected bloodstream infection at Jimma University Medical Center, Ethiopia.

Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted at Jimma University Medical Center from March 15,2019 to September 30, 2019. A consecutive sampling technique was used. Ten milliliters of blood (two 5 ml from two different sites) were collected aseptically and inoculated into Tryptic soya broth before being incubated at 37°C for seven days. Those show the growth of microorganisms was identified by biochemical tests, and then antimicrobial sensitivity tests were done for the isolated organism. The data was entered into epidata version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Logistic regression with a significance level of P 0.05 was used.

Result: A total of 271 blood culture tests were enrolled, of which 60 (22.14%) were culture positive. The predominant bacteria isolated from blood culture were S. aureus 16 (26.67%), followed by Coagulase negative staphylococci 12 (20%), and E. coli 12 (20%). Salmonella species and S. pneumoniae are both responsible for the same 2 (3.33%). Gram positive and gram negative bacteria constituted 32 (53.33%) and 28 (46.67%), respectively. The overall multidrug resistance in the present study was 46 (76.67%). The range of resistance for gram positive and gram negative was from 0% to 93.7% and 0% to 100%, respectively.

Conclusion: The overall culture confirmed prevalence of blood isolates in adult patients suspected of having bloodstream infection was high. Ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and meropenem were the most effective drugs for the treatment of bacterial bloodstream infection in adult patients.

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