Abstract

Anthropometric Study of the Canthal Parameters among the Hausa and Yoruba Ethnic Groups in Nigeria

Canthal measures, which differ between and among individuals, are crucial tools for anthropologists of the skull and face, surgical reconstructive specialists and clinical geneticists. The purpose of this study is to determine how canthal measurements differ between members of two distinct ethnic groups in Nigeria. Between the ages of 18 and 45, residents of the Nigerian cities of Akure and Owo who were Hausa and Yoruba were included in the study's sample. The ICD and OCD, or the inner and outer canthal distances, were both represented in millimeters. Canthal Index (CI) was calculated using the standard formula. The independent sample t-test was utilized to statistically examine the data. p-value of 0.05 were used in statistics to determine significance. The findings showed that Outer Canthal Distance (OCD) was sexually dimorphic in the Yoruba ethnic group, with men having a significantly higher mean value and Hausa males having a higher insignificant mean value than Hausa females. Males had slightly higher mean ICDs than females in both ethnic groupings. There was no statistically significant difference between the OCD and ICD scores of Yoruba males and females compared to Hausa males and females despite Yoruba males and females having higher mean values. While Hausa males had greater insignificant CI values than Hausa females, Yoruba females had higher insignificant CI values overall. Yoruba and Hausa respondents' mean CI differences were statistically different.

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