Abstract

A Study to Assess the Prevalence of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection among Catheterized Patients Admitted in Tertiary Care Hospital, Bathinda (Punjab)

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) associated with urinary catheters is the leading cause of secondary nosocomial bacteremia. Approximately 20 percent of hospital-acquired bacteremias are acquired due to catheter-associated urinary tract infection and the mortality associated with this condition is about 10%. Thus the present study was planned to assess the prevalence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection among patients admitted in tertiary care hospital, Bathinda (Punjab) Objectives: 1. To assess the Prevalence of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection among Male and Female patients 2. To find out the association between the prevalence of CAUTI (Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection) among male and female patients with their clinical variables. 3. To find out the association between the prevalence of CAUTI among male and female patients with their clinical signs and symptoms. A descriptive survey design was used. A quantitative non-experimental approach was adopted to conduct the Study. 200 patients (111 males and 89 females) were selected using the non-probability purposive Sampling Technique in Adesh Hospital of Bathinda, Punjab. Clinical variables from the catheterized patients were collected daily and scrutinized for the signs and symptoms as per CDC criteria for confirmation as CAUTI. The present study included 200 patients admitted to intensive care units, cardiac care unit, surgery, orthopedic and gynecological, and obstetrical wards in the hospital. The urine from the catheter is collected from each patient and subjected to culture. Patients were assessed for the presence of CAUTI or CA-ASB (Catheter-Associated Asymptomatic Bacteruira) using a CAUTI assessment checklist and urine culture report. Results: The prevalence of CAUTI in hospitals is about (36) 18% and CA-ASB is (16) 8%. Out of the 52 diagnosed CAUTI cases, 19 (9.5%) were males and 17 (8.5%) were females. The common pathogens found in this study are Escherichia coli (46.2%), Klebsiella (19.3%), Enterobacter (11.5%), Pseudomonas (9.6%), Staph. aureus (5.8%), Enterococcus (3.8%), Candida sps. (1.9%) and proteus (1.9%). There was a statistically significant association found between indications of catheterization, days of catheter used, and co-morbid illness. Conclusion: In the present study the prevalence of CAUTI is much higher which needs to be rectified by continuous monitoring and training of the staff in the implementation of infection control practices in a proactive manner. The patients present mainly as asymptomatic bacterial colonization and the risk of CAUTI increases with a longer duration of catheterization. All patients who had a catheter for more than 6 days, aged 60 and above, should be checked for UTI symptoms. And their urine should be cultured regularly to diagnose and prevent CAUTI and its complications which are very dangerous and difficult to treat.

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