Cumin seeds have been traditionally used for their medicinal properties and have been found to possess several health benefits. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the health benefits of cumin seeds, including their anti-inflammatory, nephroprotective, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and weight loss effects. Studies have shown that cumin seeds possess anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the TLR4-mediated NF-KB signaling pathway in macrophages. Cumin seed essential oil has also been found to attenuate gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. In addition, cumin seeds have been found to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro. Clinical trials have reported the anti-diabetic effects of cumin seeds, as they have been found to improve glycemic control and increase serum levels of adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cumin extract has also been found to improve liver function tests in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Cumin seeds have been shown to have the potential for weight loss and obesity management. In randomized controlled trials, cumin seed extract has been found to significantly reduce body mass index, waist circumference, and serum adiponectin in overweight and obese women.
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